Niki Lauda, Formula One Legend: A Story Of Fire And Ice

On fire in a burning cockpit: Formula One legend Niki Lauda, who died late on Monday at the age of 70, will forever be known for his 1976 accident. But even the horrific crash could not shake the 1975 world champion's icy determination -- he staged a near-miraculous comeback to win two more titles and went on to become a successful entrepreneur, founding his own airlines. Niki Lauda had taken his maiden Formula One world championship for Ferrari the previous year and was leading the standings when on August 1, 1976, his car plunged off the track for never-explained reasons and burst into flames on the notorious 22.8-kilometre (14-mile) long Nuerburgring in Germany.

Niki Lauda was trapped in the burning vehicle for almost a minute before being pulled out by other drivers who stopped to rescue him, risking their lives as their own fireproof racing suits were scorched by the intense heat.

Images of the accident went around the world. Just days earlier, Niki Lauda had said in an interview: "On the Nuerburgring, if your car has a problem, you're 100 percent dead."

Fighting spirit

But six weeks after receiving last rites in his hospital bed, Niki Lauda surprised the world of motorsport by taking part in the Italian Grand Prix in Monza.

Still in bandages after having suffered first- to third-degree burns over his face and hands, and having inhaled searing toxic fumes that damaged his lungs, he finished fourth.

One shocked journalist at the time wrote how he had seen Niki Lauda peel blood-soaked bandages from his scalp after the race.

Lauda missed only two races that season and still had a three-point lead over Britain's James Hunt at the season-ending Japan Grand Prix.

Lauda retired from the race after two laps in torrential rain saying it was unsafe to continue and Hunt went on to claim his only world title.

The rivalry between the two men -- which demonstrated the Austrian's extraordinary courage and fighting spirit -- was portrayed in the 2013 film "Rush" by American director Ron Howard.

The next season, in 1977, Niki Lauda went on to win his second Formula One world championship with Ferrari.

He quit Formula One at the end of 1979 to pursue his second passion, civil aviation.

But he came back to the race circuit in 1982, this time with McLaren, with whom he won his last world champion title in 1984.

Taking a break as a Formula One driver had given him time to found Niki Lauda Air in 1979, which he sold at a profit to Austrian Airlines in 2002.

In 2004, he went on to create the profitable low-cost carrier Niki, selling it to Germany's Air Berlin in 2011.

After Air Berlin went defunct, he won back the airline in January 2018, edging out IAG, owner of British Airways, and Ryanair. He renamed it LaudaMotion, but then in another twist sold a majority stake in it to Ryanair two months later.

Niki Lauda, who also ran private business jets, suffered catastrophe in aviation on May 26, 1991, when a Lauda Air Boeing 767 crashed in Thailand on its way from Bangkok to Vienna, killing all 223 people aboard.

Courting controversy

Recognisable by the trademark red cap which hid scars from his racing accident, Niki Lauda never strayed far from Formula One.

He worked as a television commentator, a consultant for Ferrari in the 1990s and was team principal at the short-lived Jaguar team in the early 2000s.

In 2012, he became Mercedes' non-executive chairman.

Cocky and self-confident, Niki Lauda was never one to take no for an answer and ruffled more than a few feathers in Formula One, and later in business, with his uncompromising behaviour.

But his expertise, sometimes brutal honesty and drive also won him respect from those who recognised his work ethic, analytical mind and willingness to learn from mistakes.

In an interview with AFP on the sidelines of the Monaco Grand Prix a year ago, Niki Lauda criticised the Halo protection now installed in cockpits, saying it detracted from the sport's allure of "gladiatorial combat".

Lauda underwent an emergency lung transplant in a Vienna hospital in August 2 last year after contracting an infection in his lungs, which were still scarred and weakened by the effects of the 1976 accident.

Years before that, Niki Lauda received kidney transplants. When one failed, a second kidney was donated by his then-girlfriend Birgit Wetzinger, a former flight attendant, who he married in 2008.

Besides their twins, a boy and a girl born in 2009, Niki Lauda also had three other sons from previous relationships.

Niki Lauda himself was born as Andreas Nikolaus on February 22, 1949, in Vienna into an upper middle-class family, who did not share his passion for cars.

"A Lauda should be on the economic pages of the newspaper, not the sports pages," his grandfather used to say.

In 1968, without telling his parents, Niki Lauda took part in -- and won -- his first race with a Mini Racer he had bought with his grandmother's help.