Tokyo Prepares For 2020 Olympics, Facing Rising Costs, New Sports

Tokyo governor Yuriko Koike is preparing for a strenuous workout with the 2020 Summer Olympics headed her way.

The practice started when she received the Olympic flag Sunday in the official handover ceremony from her Rio counterpart, Mayor Eduardo Paes.

"I hope the flag is not too heavy," she joked the day before. "Although I have trained my muscles to receive it properly."

The next three Olympics are in Asian countries that have already held games: Tokyo's Summer Games in 2020, sandwiched between Winter Olympics in Pyeongchang, South Korea, in 2018 and in Beijing in 2022.

This will come as a relief to the International Olympic Committee after two trying Games in Sochi (Russia) and Rio.

That doesn't mean they'll be easy, particularly for Tokyo.

"I don't think that you can ever relax," said John Coates, the IOC member who heads the inspection team for Tokyo.

"There are some big issues, even for Tokyo."

Here's a look at some of them.

The Costs

The new national stadium is an example of Tokyo's rising costs - or underestimating costs. The original bill was expected to be USD 1 billion, but the price soared to three times that much in a design by the late architect Zaha Hadid.

Organisers scrapped that design and adopted a new one by Japanese architect Kengo Kuma. The cost will still be at least 50 percent more than the original estimate with completion set for November, 2019.

"I will not leave white elephants for the taxpayers," Kioke told reporters in Rio, just weeks after being elected Tokyo's first female governor.

"The citizens of Tokyo are the taxpayers. We must have the understanding of the taxpayers about whatever we do."

Costs are rising elsewhere, too.

The Tokyo organising committee's operating budget was 350 billion yen (USD 3.5 billion) in the original bid document. But officials say it will be revised upward to account for inflation and unexpected costs.

This is the budget for running the Games themselves, and does not include building roads and other infrastructure.

Tokyo organisers say 50 percent of the venues already exist, though they have not made public the cost for building new venues and preparing the city.

Constructing scaled-down venues - following Rio's model - could still be costly in Japan. The buildings must be earthquake-proof, and Japanese taste might not accept stripped-down architecture.

Transportation

Tokyo proposed compact Games in their winning bid three years ago. But venues have been spread out to save money and take advantage of existing structures.

Tokyo Games are divided into two basic sectors - a zone around Tokyo Bay, and a so-called Heritage Zone, which is anchored around the new national stadium.

The remaining venues are scattered around, from cycling in Izu, southwest of Tokyo, to football venues in Sapporo, Miyagi, Saitama, and Yokohama.

"You'll travel a lot because there isn't the concentration," Coates said. "If you go to the heritage area, they're all stand-alone (venues) largely."

Tokyo have a sophisticated transport system, but it's crowded and not particularly foreigner-friendly. Coates said getting around might be more complex than Rio, which was difficult in a city sliced up by the sea, mountains and poor roads.

"They have a very good transport infrastructure that connects all parts of the city," Coates said. "I think they're up for it, no worry about that, but you can't say it's going to be easy."

Tokyo's narrow roads are a problem, and so are the 3 million who commute daily from the outskirts to the city's centre.

"We'll have to ask the citizens for various forms of cooperation," Kioke said.

The Events

Five sports have been added to Tokyo's programme: baseball-softball, skateboarding, surfing, karate and sport climbing. They enter under new IOC rules that allow cities to propose events from their own games.

The new sports will add 18 events and 474 athletes to the programme. The Tokyo Games will feature 33 sports and about 11,000 athletes, compared to the usual number of 28 sports and 10,500 athletes.

The new sports may give Japan some advantages, particularly in baseball and softball, which are very popular in the country.

Japan won 41 medals in Rio, topping their previous record of 38. Look for the home nation to get another medal bounce from being host.

The competition schedule is sure to create tension. Evening events in Tokyo will take place in the early morning in North America - and vice versa. This isn't ideal for US rights-holder NBC. Some events might be moved around to work better on television.

Japanese Olympic committee president Tsunekazu Takeda faced a similar problem as the sports director of the 1998 Nagano Winter Olympics.

"Athletes-first must be the concept," he said. "We have to be fair to the athletes, but of course I can't make any decisive comments because this has to be negotiated. But I hope the athletes-first concept prevails."

Female Power

Two female politicians have key roles in directing the 2020 Tokyo Games - Governor Koike and Tamayo Marukawa, who was recently named Olympic minister by Prime Minister Shinzo Abe.

Both are former television newscasters, and Marukawa will be the link between Tokyo's government and the national government.

Koike said Japanese women have done well in sports, but Japanese society has been slower to promote women to leadership positions in business and politics.

Women won almost half of Japan's 41 medals in Rio - four gold medals alone in women's wrestling.

"Our women athletes are having fantastic performances," Kioke said. "Unfortunately, the percentage of women legislators in Japan is still low. Ms. Hillary Clinton often refers to a glass ceiling for women. I think we've got an iron ceiling in Japan."