The Football Association will await referee Howard Webb's report before deciding whether to take any action following the alleged incident, which occurred late on in a comfortable win for Sir Alex Ferguson's side on Sunday.
Newcastle manager Alan Pardew urged the FA to scrutinise the actions of Manchester United forward van Persie, who has history with the Tyneside club following an angry confrontation with goalkeeper Tim Krul last season when he was playing for Arsenal.
The sanction for violent conduct, should it be proved in this case, is normally a three-game ban.
Should Webb reveal he saw the coming together with France international Cabaye and decided to take no action, that is likely to be the end of the matter.
If, however, the World Cup final referee confirms that he failed to see the incident, the FA is likely to review footage of the clash, which came in a bad-tempered contest where the sides shared eight bookings.
"He's looked at Yohan and he's elbowed him," Pardew said. "It needs to be looked at, if I'm honest.
"There's a bit of history last year and Robin got caught up with it. It was a bit unsavoury.
"Yohan wouldn't have gone down if he hadn't done something. I've seen it again and he's looked at him and put his elbow in there. It's up to the FA to look at, not me."
Alan Pardew calls for FA to look into Robin van Persie's elbow incident
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