Dr. Jose Luiz Runco said the successful surgery on Friday was needed because his foot had not healed properly from his first procedure early last year.
Adriano remains without a club after being let go by Corinthians in March. Corinthians directors said the player didn't take his recovery process seriously and missed several physiotherapy sessions.
Flamengo, which won the 2009 Brazilian league with Adriano, said it will see how the striker recovers before deciding whether to make an offer to sign him.
Adriano previously played for Inter Milan and AS Roma. He was on the Brazilian team at the 2006 World Cup in Germany.
Second surgery on Adriano's foot
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